operator+,-,*,/,%(std::chrono::duration)

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Execution support library (C++26)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Utilities library

Language support Type support (basic types, RTTI) Library feature-test macros (C++20) Dynamic memory management Program utilities Coroutine support (C++20) Variadic functions is_constant_evaluated (C++20) is_within_lifetime (C++26) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) Three-way comparison three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20)   is_eqis_ltis_lteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)   is_neqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

General utilities Date and time Function objects Formatting library (C++20)   bitset hash (C++11) Relational operators (deprecated in C++20) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>    rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= Integer comparison functions cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)   cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) Swap and type operations swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) to_underlying (C++23) forward (C++11) forward_like (C++23) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) Common vocabulary types pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) expected (C++23) Elementary string conversions to_chars (C++17) from_chars (C++17) chars_format (C++17) to_chars_result (C++17) from_chars_result (C++17)

 

Date and time utilities

Time point
time_point (C++11)	clock_time_conversion (C++20)	clock_cast (C++20)
Duration
duration (C++11)
Clocks
system_clock (C++11) steady_clock (C++11) is_clock (C++20)	utc_clock (C++20) tai_clock (C++20) high_resolution_clock (C++11)	gps_clock (C++20) file_clock (C++20) local_t (C++20)
Time of day
is_amis_pm (C++20)(C++20)	make12make24 (C++20)(C++20)	hh_mm_ss (C++20)
Calendar
day (C++20) month (C++20) year (C++20) weekday (C++20) operator/ (C++20) year_month_day (C++20)	year_month_day_last (C++20) year_month_weekday (C++20) year_month_weekday_last (C++20)   weekday_indexed (C++20) weekday_last (C++20) month_day (C++20)	month_day_last (C++20) month_weekday (C++20) month_weekday_last (C++20) year_month (C++20) last_speclast (C++20)(C++20)
Time zone
tzdb (C++20) tzdb_list (C++20) get_tzdbget_tzdb_listreload_tzdbremote_version (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)   sys_info (C++20)	local_info (C++20) nonexistent_local_time (C++20) ambiguous_local_time (C++20) locate_zone (C++20) current_zone (C++20) time_zone (C++20) choose (C++20)	zoned_traits (C++20) zoned_time (C++20) time_zone_link (C++20) leap_second (C++20) leap_second_info (C++20) get_leap_second_info (C++20)
chrono I/O
parse (C++20)
C-style date and time

 

std::chrono::duration

Member functions
duration::duration duration::operator= duration::count duration::zero duration::min duration::max duration::operator+duration::operator-	duration::operator++duration::operator-- duration::operator+=duration::operator-=duration::operator*=duration::operator/=duration::operator%=
Non-member functions
operator+operator-operator*operator/operator% operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (until C++20)(C++20) operator<< (C++20)	duration_cast floor (C++17) ceil (C++17) round (C++17) abs (C++17) operator""h (C++14) operator""min (C++14) operator""s (C++14) operator""ms (C++14) operator""us (C++14) operator""ns (C++14) from_stream (C++20)
Helper classes
common_type treat_as_floating_point      duration_values	formatter<std::chrono::duration> (C++20) hash<std::chrono::duration> (C++26)

 

template< class Rep1, class Period1, class Rep2, class Period2 > typename std::common_type<duration<Rep1,Period1>, duration<Rep2,Period2>>::type     constexpr operator+( const duration<Rep1,Period1>& lhs,                          const duration<Rep2,Period2>& rhs );	(1)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period1, class Rep2, class Period2 > typename std::common_type<duration<Rep1,Period1>, duration<Rep2,Period2>>::type     constexpr operator-( const duration<Rep1,Period1>& lhs,                          const duration<Rep2,Period2>& rhs );	(2)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period, class Rep2 > duration<typename std::common_type<Rep1,Rep2>::type, Period>     constexpr operator*( const duration<Rep1,Period>& d,                          const Rep2& s );	(3)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Rep2, class Period > duration<typename std::common_type<Rep1,Rep2>::type, Period>     constexpr operator*( const Rep1& s,                          const duration<Rep2,Period>& d );	(4)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period, class Rep2 > duration<typename std::common_type<Rep1,Rep2>::type, Period>     constexpr operator/( const duration<Rep1,Period>& d,                          const Rep2& s );	(5)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period1, class Rep2, class Period2 > typename std::common_type<Rep1,Rep2>::type     constexpr operator/( const duration<Rep1,Period1>& lhs,                          const duration<Rep2,Period2>& rhs );	(6)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period, class Rep2 > duration<typename std::common_type<Rep1,Rep2>::type, Period>     constexpr operator%( const duration<Rep1, Period>& d,                          const Rep2& s );	(7)	(since C++11)
template< class Rep1, class Period1, class Rep2, class Period2 > typename std::common_type<duration<Rep1,Period1>, duration<Rep2,Period2>>::type     constexpr operator%( const duration<Rep1,Period1>& lhs,                          const duration<Rep2,Period2>& rhs );	(8)	(since C++11)

Performs basic arithmetic operations between two durations or between a duration and a tick count.

1) Converts the two durations to their common type and creates a duration whose tick count is the sum of the tick counts after conversion.

2) Converts the two durations to their common type and creates a duration whose tick count is the rhs number of ticks subtracted from the lhs number of ticks after conversion.

3,4) Converts the duration d to one whose rep is the common type between Rep1 and Rep2, and multiples the number of ticks after conversion by s. These overloads participate in overload resolution only if s is convertible to typename std::common_type<Rep1, Rep2>::type.

5) Converts the duration d to one whose rep is the common type between Rep1 and Rep2, and divides the number of ticks after conversion by s. This overload participates in overload resolution only if s is convertible to typename std::common_type<Rep1, Rep2>::type and Rep2 is not a specialization of duration.

6) Converts the two durations to their common type and divides the tick count of lhs after conversion by the tick count of rhs after conversion. Note that the return value of this operator is not a duration.

7) Converts the duration d to one whose rep is the common type between Rep1 and Rep2, and creates a duration whose tick count is the remainder of the division of the tick count, after conversion, by s. This overload participates in overload resolution only if s is convertible to typename std::common_type<Rep1, Rep2>::type and Rep2 is not a specialization of duration.

8) Converts the two durations to their common type and creates a duration whose tick count is the remainder of the tick counts after conversion.

Parameters

lhs	-	duration on the left-hand side of the operator
rhs	-	duration on the right-hand side of the operator
d	-	the duration argument for mixed-argument operators
s	-	non-duration argument for mixed-argument operators

Return value

Assuming that CD is the function return type and CD<A, B> = std::common_type<A, B>::type, then:

1) CD(CD(lhs).count() + CD(rhs).count())

2) CD(CD(lhs).count() - CD(rhs).count())

3,4) CD(CD(d).count() * s)

5) CD(CD(d).count() / s)

6) CD(lhs).count() / CD(rhs).count() (the return type of this operator is not a duration)

7) CD(CD(d).count() % s)

8) CD(CD(lhs).count() % CD(rhs).count())

Example

Run this code

#include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    // Simple arithmetic:
    std::chrono::seconds s = std::chrono::hours(1)
                           + 2 * std::chrono::minutes(10)
                           + std::chrono::seconds(70) / 10;
    std::cout << "1 hour + 2*10 min + 70/10 sec = " << s << " (seconds)\n";
 
    using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 
    // Difference between dividing a duration by a number
    // and dividing a duration by another duration:
    std::cout << "Dividing that by 2 minutes gives "
              << s / 2min << '\n'
              << "Dividing that by 2 gives "
              << (s / 2).count() << " seconds\n";
 
    // The remainder operator is useful in determining where
    // in a time frame is this particular duration, e.g. to
    // break it down into hours, minutes, and seconds:
    std::cout << s << " (seconds) = "
              << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::hours>(
                 s) << " (hour) + "
              << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::minutes>(
                 s % 1h) << " (minutes) + "
              << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
                 s % 1min) << " (seconds)\n";
 
    constexpr auto sun_earth_distance{150'000'000ULL}; // km
    constexpr auto speed_of_light{300000ULL}; // km/sec
    std::chrono::seconds t(sun_earth_distance / speed_of_light); // sec
    std::cout << "A photon flies from the Sun to the Earth in "
              << t / 1min << " minutes " << t % 1min << " (seconds)\n";
}

Output:

1 hour + 2*10 min + 70/10 sec = 4807s (seconds)
Dividing that by 2 minutes gives 40
Dividing that by 2 gives 2403 seconds
4807s (seconds) = 1h (hour) + 20min (minutes) + 7s (seconds)
A photon flies from the Sun to the Earth in 8 minutes 20s (seconds)

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 3050	C++11	convertibility constraint used non-const xvalue	use const lvalues instead