operator<<,>>(std::filesystem::path)

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Execution support library (C++26)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Filesystem library

Classes
filesystem::path filesystem::filesystem_error filesystem::directory_entry filesystem::directory_iterator filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator      filesystem::file_status	filesystem::space_info filesystem::file_type filesystem::perms filesystem::perm_options filesystem::copy_options filesystem::directory_options filesystem::file_time_type
Functions
filesystem::absolute filesystem::canonicalfilesystem::weakly_canonical filesystem::relativefilesystem::proximate filesystem::copy filesystem::copy_file filesystem::copy_symlink filesystem::create_directory filesystem::create_directories filesystem::create_hard_link filesystem::create_symlink filesystem::create_directory_symlink filesystem::current_path	filesystem::exists filesystem::equivalent filesystem::file_size filesystem::hard_link_count filesystem::last_write_time filesystem::permissions filesystem::read_symlink filesystem::remove filesystem::remove_all filesystem::rename filesystem::resize_file filesystem::space filesystem::status filesystem::symlink_status filesystem::temp_directory_path
File types
filesystem::is_block_file filesystem::is_character_file filesystem::is_directory filesystem::is_empty filesystem::status_known	filesystem::is_fifo filesystem::is_other filesystem::is_regular_file filesystem::is_socket filesystem::is_symlink

 

std::filesystem::path

Constants
path::native_formatpath::generic_formatpath::auto_format
Member functions
path::path path::~path path::operator= path::assign path::appendpath::operator/= path::concatpath::operator+= path::clear path::make_preferred path::remove_filename path::replace_filename path::replace_extension      path::swap path::compare path::beginpath::end	path::c_strpath::nativepath::operator string_type path::stringpath::u8stringpath::u16stringpath::u32stringpath::wstring path::generic_stringpath::generic_u8stringpath::generic_u16stringpath::generic_u32stringpath::generic_wstring path::lexically_normalpath::lexically_relativepath::lexically_proximate
Path decomposition
path::root_name path::root_directory path::root_path path::relative_path path::parent_path path::filename path::stem path::extension path::empty	path::has_root_pathpath::has_root_namepath::has_root_directorypath::has_relative_pathpath::has_parent_pathpath::has_filenamepath::has_stempath::has_extension path::is_absolutepath::is_relative
Non-member functions
operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(until C++20)(C++20)	operator/ operator<<operator>> swap(std::filesystem::path) hash_value u8path
Helper Classes
hash<std::filesystem::path>
formatter<std::filesystem::path> (C++26)

 

template< class CharT, class Traits > friend std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>&     operator<<( std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>& os, const path& p );	(1)	(since C++17)
template< class CharT, class Traits > friend std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits>&     operator>>( std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits>& is, path& p );	(2)	(since C++17)

Performs stream input or output on the path p. std::quoted is used so that spaces do not cause truncation when later read by stream input operator.

These function templates are not visible to ordinary unqualified or qualified lookup, and can only be found by argument-dependent lookup when std::filesystem::path is an associated class of the arguments. This prevents undesirable conversions in the presence of a using namespace std::filesystem; using-directive.

Parameters

os	-	stream to perform output on
is	-	stream to perform input on
p	-	path to insert or extract

Return value

1) os

2) is

Exceptions

May throw implementation-defined exceptions.

Possible implementation

operator<<
template<class CharT, class Traits> friend std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>& os, const path& p) { os << std::quoted(p.string<CharT,Traits>()); return os; }
operator>>
template<class CharT, class Traits> friend std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits>& operator>>(std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits>& is, path& p) { std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> t; is >> std::quoted(t); p = t; return is; }

Example

Run this code

#include <filesystem>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << std::filesystem::current_path() << '\n';
    std::cout << std::filesystem::temp_directory_path() << '\n';
}

Possible output:

"/home/user"
"/tmp"

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 2989	C++17	allowed insertion of everything convertible to path in the presence of a using-directive	made hidden friend